UDC 338.43
UDC 332.14
In the presented work, the author did not set any goals or tasks for himself to evaluate the scientific achievements or omissions of Academician T.D. Lysenko. There are more qualified people in our country for this. The interest was aroused by the topic, the research of which is related to the creation of a dairy herd, the solution of problematic shortcomings that existed in the domestic dairy cattle industry. It should be noted with surprise that 77 years have passed (since 1948), and the problems of fat milk and low yield of offspring were both relevant then and remain topical today. It is also important to note that the academician correctly found the solution to these two problems with the help of Jersey bulls. It was his forecast, his plan, his work, his life, the results of which, however, did not convince the observers and the managers, who closed the farm laboratory in 1986. This incorrect decision did not benefit the industry. But the Jersey breed itself is convincing, it took the second place in the world ranking in terms of the number of animal breeds of cattle. Therefore, the author virtually followed in the footsteps of the academician, studied his goals, intentions, plans and approaches to providing scientific and practical assistance to domestic dairy cattle breeding and predicted the development of the backbone industry for the period 2031-2035. The forecast reflects the need to create new industry systems, such as the production of cheese, Russian ice cream, Ossetian pies, etc. The main epicenter of the forecast was the proposal to organize a state dairy trust of Jerseyed cattle with the aim of creating a herd of increased genetic potential for 10,000 cows and 10 bulls of the Jersey breed. Other forecast parameters for 2035 are as follows: milk yield per cow-6.7 tons; milk fat content-5.5%; gross milk yield-67 thousand tons. t; obtaining offspring for 1 first calf-0.9 calves, cow – 0.85; the number of calving cows per year until their number reaches 10,000 heads – 2; insemination of cows and heifers older than one year-April of last year and February, March of this year; dairy farm size-200-400 cows; productive period of cows-5-7 lactation; percentage of culling cows-15-20; cow content-box-pasture. The trust's herd of cows may be kept on 25-12 farms in 2031, and 50-25 in 2035. The rationality of the achievements of the proposed parameters will depend on how the trust will be able to buy 4.5 thousand in 2030. There are 5 domestic heifers and 500 heifers and 10 Jersey bulls inseminated in April 2030. Then the doubling of the herd by 2035 can be carried out free of charge, by self-reproduction, and some stocks of young animals for domestic and foreign exports will be created. The socio-economic efficiency of the trust and the farm as a whole is related to the availability of its own cheese production facilities, which in turn creates the need to organize a so-called hub of Russian ice cream and Ossetian pies on the territory of, for example, Michurinsk State Agrarian University. The article also provides some price guidelines for the cost of livestock, a cheese factory and the organization of long-term cultural pastures.
Russia, jersey cow, state dairy trust organization, herd of increased genetic potential, crossbreeding of domestic cows and Jersey bulls, breeding young cattle hubs, Russian ice cream, and Ossetian pies
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