Russian Federation
UDC 332.1
The article examines ecological and economic constraints on land use formation for infrastructure facilities, particularly in the planning and construction of roads. The study addresses legal frameworks, landscape and climatic features, and economic impacts influencing infrastructure placement in the regions of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the interaction between regulatory requirements and land use planning practices on agricultural lands, as well as within forest and water protection zones. It is established that the absence of integrated analysis at the design stage leads to ecosystem fragmentation, biodiversity loss, and increased construction and maintenance costs. The necessity of preliminary environmental and engineering surveys, assessment of alternative costs, consideration of wildlife corridors, and adaptation of routes to natural and socio-economic conditions is substantiated. The article presents practical examples of negative consequences from Altai and Perm regions and provides a financial assessment of related inefficiencies. An innovative alternative to traditional asphalt – plastic pavement – is proposed, offering enhanced durability, environmental sustainability, and long-term cost-effectiveness. A comparative analysis of pavement types is provided, highlighting operational and financial indicators. The study concludes on the need for a transition to sustainable land management and the implementation of advanced technologies in infrastructure development, ensuring minimized environmental damage and more efficient public spending.
land use, infrastructure facilities, highways, environmental restrictions, limitations, sustainable development, compensation for consequences, interdepartmental agreement, innovative technologies, plastic road surface
1. «Zemel'nyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 25.10.2001 № 136-FZ (red. ot 20.03.2025) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_33773/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
2. Federal'nyy zakon «Ob ohrane okruzhayuschey sredy» ot 10.01.2002 g. № 7-FZ (red. ot 01.03.2025) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/901808297 (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
3. Federal'nyy zakon «Ob ekologicheskoy ekspertize» ot 23.11.1995 g. № 174-FZ (red. ot 08.08.2024) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_8515/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
4. «Vodnyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 03.06.2006 g. № 74-FZ (red. ot 08.08.2024) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_60683/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
5. «Lesnoy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 4.12.2006 g. № 200-FZ (red. ot 26.12.2024) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64299/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
6. «Gradostroitel'nyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii» ot 29.12.2004 N 190-FZ (red. ot 26.12.2024) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_51040/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
7. Federal'nyy zakon «O melioracii zemel'» ot 10.01.1996 N 4-FZ (13.06.2023 g.) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_8864/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
8. «Grazhdanskiy kodeks» Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 30.11.1994 № 51-FZ (red. ot 08.08.2024) – [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64299/ (Data obrascheniya 29.05.2025 g.)
9. Indiya: Plastikovye dorogi: Poslednie dostizhenie v oblasti obrascheniya s othodami [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://www.ijert.org/plastic-roads-a-recent-advancement-in-waste-management
10. Medvedev V. S. Tokarev A. S. i dr. Dorozhnoe pokrytie iz plastika [Elektronnyy resurs]. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/dorozhnoe-pokrytie-iz-plastika
