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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">MOSCOW ECONOMIC JOURNAL</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Московский экономический журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2413-046X</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">125547</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55186/2413046X_2026_11_5_69</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">gkmmyw</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Региональная и отраслевая экономика</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Regional and branch economy</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Региональная и отраслевая экономика</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">YIELD OF MAIN AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN THE PENZA REGION: ANALYSIS OF PREDICTORS AND MEDIUM-TERM FORECAST</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Урожайность основных сельскохозяйственных культур Пензенской области: анализ предикторов и среднесрочный прогноз</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Дубинин</surname>
       <given-names>Алексей Викторович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Dubinin</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksey Viktorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Тишин</surname>
       <given-names>Максим Евгеньевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tishin</surname>
       <given-names>Maksim Evgen'evich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Федотова</surname>
       <given-names>Марина Юрьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Fedotova</surname>
       <given-names>Marina Yur'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат экономических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of economic sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Пензенский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Пенза</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Penza State Agrarian University</institution>
     <city>Penza</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Пензенский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Пенза</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Penza State University</institution>
     <city>Penza</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Пензенский государственный аграрный университет</institution>
     <city>Пенза</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Penza State Agrarian University</institution>
     <city>Penza</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-09T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>09</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-09T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>09</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>11</volume>
   <issue>5</issue>
   <fpage>157</fpage>
   <lpage>179</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-08T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>08</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://stolypinvestnik.ru/en/nauka/article/125547/view">https://stolypinvestnik.ru/en/nauka/article/125547/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В условиях возрастающей климатической нестабильности и политики импортозамещения среднесрочное прогнозирование урожайности приобретает стратегическое значение для регионального агропланирования. Пензенская область, занимающая лидирующие позиции в производстве сахарной свёклы и ряда других культур Приволжского федерального округа, испытывает дефицит верифицированных системных прогностических исследований. Цель работы — разработка и верификация комплекса прогнозных моделей урожайности пяти основных культур Пензенской области (зерновые и зернобобовые, сахарная свёкла, подсолнечник, картофель, овощи) на горизонте до трёх лет. Модели построены на основе Ridge-регрессии с L2-регуляризацией, экспоненциальным взвешиванием наблюдений и схемой валидации «расширяющее окно». Для каждой культуры проводился масштабный сеточный поиск (12000–25000 конфигураций) по пространству из 135 предикторов, включающих региональную статистику, спутниковые индексы MODIS NDVI, агроклиматические показатели и реанализ ERA5-Land за 1990–2025 гг. (n = 36). Автоматизированный отбор сформировал культурно-специфичные наборы из 17–31 признака с низким межкультурным перекрытием (коэффициент Жаккара 0,09–0,26) и агрономически интерпретируемым составом. Ретроспективный прогноз показал MAPE от 6,52% (сахарная свёкла) до 15,18% (подсолнечник). Ridge-регрессия превзошла Random Forest и XGBoost по всем культурам на 4,5–9,7 п.п., что подтверждает преимущество регуляризованных линейных моделей при малом объёме выборки. Точечный и интервальный прогноз на 2026–2028 гг. (bootstrap, N = 2000) свидетельствует об умеренном росте урожайности зерновых и зернобобовых и сахарной свёклы при стабилизации остальных культур. Разработанный инструментарий обеспечивает точность прогнозирования от высокой до хорошей (по шкале Lewis) для четырёх из пяти культур и рекомендуется для интеграции в системы среднесрочного планирования регионального АПК — прежде всего для региональных органов управления и крупных агрохолдингов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Against the backdrop of increasing climatic instability and import substitution policies, medium-term crop yield forecasting is acquiring strategic importance for regional agricultural planning. Penza Oblast, which holds a leading position in sugar beet production and several other crops within the Volga Federal District, lacks verified systematic forecasting research. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a suite of predictive yield models for five major crops in Penza Oblast — grains and legumes, sugar beet, sunflower, potato, and vegetables — over a forecasting horizon of up to three years. The models are built on Ridge regression with L2 regularisation, exponential observation weighting, and an expanding window validation scheme. For each crop, an extensive grid search was conducted (12000–25000 configurations) across a space of 135 predictors comprising regional statistical data, MODIS NDVI satellite indices, agroclimatic indicators, and ERA5-Land reanalysis data for the period 1990–2025 (n = 36). Automated feature selection produced crop-specific predictor sets of 17–31 variables with low cross-crop overlap (Jaccard coefficient 0.09–0.26) and agronomically interpretable composition. Backtesting yielded MAPE values ranging from 6,52% (sugar beet) to 15,18% (sunflower). Ridge regression outperformed Random Forest and XGBoost across all crops by 4,5–9,7 percentage points, confirming the advantage of regularised linear models under small sample conditions. Point and interval forecasts for 2026–2028 (bootstrap, N = 2000) indicate moderate yield growth for grains and sugar beet, with stabilisation projected for the remaining crops. The developed forecasting framework achieves high to good accuracy (per the Lewis scale) for four out of five crops and is recommended for integration into regional medium-term agricultural planning systems — primarily for regional agricultural authorities and large agro-industrial holdings.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>прогнозирование урожайности</kwd>
    <kwd>среднесрочный прогноз</kwd>
    <kwd>Пензенская область</kwd>
    <kwd>машинное обучение</kwd>
    <kwd>гребневая регрессия</kwd>
    <kwd>агрометеорологические предикторы</kwd>
    <kwd>NDVI</kwd>
    <kwd>MAPE</kwd>
    <kwd>bootstrap-валидация</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>crop yield prediction</kwd>
    <kwd>medium-term forecast</kwd>
    <kwd>Penza region</kwd>
    <kwd>machine learning</kwd>
    <kwd>Ridge regression</kwd>
    <kwd>agrometeorological predictors</kwd>
    <kwd>NDVI</kwd>
    <kwd>MAPE</kwd>
    <kwd>bootstrap validation</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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